Team Tuesdays: Susan Wheelan — The Integrated Model of Group Development
Susan Wheelan’s Integrated Model of Group Development (IMGD) explains how teams mature over time. The key idea is simple: great teams aren’t created overnight — they develop through predictable stages. Stage 1: Dependency & Inclusion. Team members are figuring out where they fit, what is expected, and who is leading. People often look to the leader for direction and may hesitate to disagree. Stage 2: Counterdependency & Fight. As people become more comfortable, differences emerge. Team members challenge ideas, roles, processes, and sometimes the leader. Conflict isn't necessarily a sign of a bad team — it can be a necessary step toward becoming a better one if managed effectively. Stage 3: Trust & Structure. The team learns how to disagree productively. Trust increases, communication becomes more open, and members clarify roles, responsibilities, goals, and expectations. Stage 4: Work & Productivity. The team is operating at a high level. Members have greater a...